“Ecstasy” and the anaesthetist

Anions and the anaesthetist.

Anions are the negative components of most chemical structures and play many important physiological and pharmacological roles that are of interest to the anaesthetist. Their relevance is reviewed with a particular emphasis on the inorganic anions (halides, bicarbonate, phosphate and sulphate) and the significance and limitations of the anion gap. Organic anions (albumin, lactate) are also disc...

Calcium and the anaesthetist.

Calcium plays a central role in a large number of physiological actions that are essential for life. It is important therefore that the anaesthetist understands calcium pathophysiology. In this review, the physiology, regulation, clinical features, causes and treatment of alterations in circulating calcium will be discussed. In addition, the effects that acid-base status, massive blood transfus...

Hypnotism and the anaesthetist.

Now that there is a renaissance of hypnotism in this brave new world of psychology it has become the habit to regard it as a weapon wielded solely by the psychologist. In its previous incarnation it was used mainly in the art of surgery, and as a means of avoiding the awful ordeal of pain attendant on the early surgical procedures. In other words it was the sole property of one who would now be...

Eclampsia and the anaesthetist.

Intracranial pressure and the anaesthetist.

Pathophysinlogy of increased intraeranial pressure 1 The intracranial pressure ([CP) may be defined as the fluid pressure in the ventricular and lumbar subarachnoid space in a supine subject, with reference to atmospheric pressure. In normal individuals this pressure may be as high as 10mmHg. The static ICP is a reflection of the factors involved in cerehrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics. 2 Cerebro...